Mineral resources school of ocean and earth science and. Cim estimation of mineral resources and mineral reserves. Orderly crystalline structure definition of a mineral 4. The cim standards on mineral resources and mineral reserves, definitions and guidelines, dated august 20, 2000 the cim standards, ni 43101 and companion policy 43101cp state that. A mineral prospectis any occurrence that has been developed by underground or by above ground techniques, or by subsurface drilling to determine the extent of mineralization. Mineral exploration and development, in which mineral deposits are identified, evaluated, and prepared for mining.
Resourcereserve definitions a dictionary definition of resource, something in reserve or ready if needed, has been adapted for mineral and energy resources to comprise all materials, including those only surmised to exist, that have present or anticipated future value. Mineral resources reserves are reported on the basis of the level of geological knowledge and confidence. Pdf sustainable development of mining mineral resources. Mineral royalties have traditionally been considered a form of compensation to the community for the depletion of nonrenewable resources. Geological survey general definition of mineral and energy resources the dictionary definition of resource something in reserve or ready if needed has been extended for mineral and energy re. For public reports of initial or materially changed exploration results, mineral resources or ore reserves the jorc code requires the competent person, on whose documentation the public report is based, to be named in the public report. Ifrs 6 exploration for and evaluation of mineral resources. Accepted definitions of mineral resources and mineral reserves are discussed, as well as the definition and role of the competent person. Principles of the mineral resource classification system of. National instrument 43101 the ni 43101 or the ni is a national instrument for the standards of disclosure for mineral projects within canada. Cim definition standards for mineral resources and. Chemical composition fixed or varies within certain limits. Mineral and petroleum resources royalty act 28 of 2008.
Mineral reserve economically mineable part of measured andor indicated mineral resource. In this module, we will consider a mineral resource to be a mineral or rock mined from the earth and used in the products we use daily. A mineral resource is accepted as a concentration of material of intrinsic economic interest such that there are reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction. It is necessary to develop development plans and policies in the field of the mining industry and related fields, clearly define the sequence of development of. Pitfalls and potential key messages resource backed loans rbls are all loans provided to a government or a stateowned company, where. A mineral resource can be estimated mainly on the basis of geoscientific information with some input from other disciplines. It is the function of enviromental engineering to ensure that the impact of the mining operations on the natural environmenton land, on air, and on water, or, more generally, on the biosphereis minimized or is maintained within. Although south africa has steadily improved its ratio of beneficiated to primary products exported since the 1970s, these ratios are still well below the potential suggested by the quality and quantity of its mineral resources endowment. Minerals definition, types, and identification department. Mineral exploration and development are the first stage in the process of mineral supply. It stratifies information systems, quality control, services, best practices, and also integrates tacticsstrategic planning and management implementation. They constitute the vital raw materials for many basic industries and are a major resource for development. Distinctive properties of minerals a mineral s properties depend on the elements that compose the mineral its composition and its structure how its atoms are arranged. By samrec 2007 definition a mineral reserve is the economically mineable material derived from a measured or indicated mineral resource or both.
By definition, mineral resources are not renewable so their extraction. Definition of mineral resource potential geoscienceworld. Report on classification of energy and mineral resources. A rapidly changing global market for mineral resources. They constitute the vital raw materials for many basic industries and are a major resource. Samrad online is the south african mineral resources administration system where the general public can view the locality of applications, rights and permits made or held in terms of the mineral and petroleum resources development act act 28 of 2002, the mprda, and where applications in terms thereof can be submitted electronically. A mineral resource is a concentration or occurrence of diamonds, natural solid inorganic material, or natural solid fossilized organic material including base and precious metals, coal, and industrial minerals in or on the earths crust in such form and quantity and of such a grade or quality that it has reasonable prospects for economic extraction.
Nonetheless, there are challenges for the united states. Mineral resource but has a lower level of confidence than a measured mineral resource. Mineral resources an overview sciencedirect topics. Use of land surface rights contrary to objects of act 54.
Exploration for and evaluation of mineral resources means the search for mineral resources, including minerals, oil, natural gas and similar nonregenerative resources after the entity has obtained legal rights to explore in a specific area, as well. Demand for mineral resources will continue to grow. Please note that the proposed amendments by act no. Principles of the mineral resource classification system of the u. Minerals are valuable natural resources being finite and nonrenewable. Additional effort is needed before the international standards are fully understood, accepted and followed by mining companies, regulatory agencies, the investment community and the general public. Resource reserve definitions a dictionary definition of resource, something in reserve or ready if needed, has been adapted for mineral and energy resources to comprise all materials, including those only surmised to exist, that have present or anticipated future value. Compensation payable under certain circumstances 55.
Canadian mineral resource and mineral reserve definitions. Depending on the meaning of the term discovered, the definition of energy resource could be considered consistent with the seea. Classification issues for mineral and energy resources. A mineral resource is a concentration or occurrence of solid material of economic interest in or on the earths crust in such form, grade or quality and quantity that there are reasonable prospects for. Definitions exploration and evaluation assets exploration and evaluation expenditures recognised as assets. Unofficial consolidation of the mineral resources act. A mineral occurrenceis any locality where a useful mineral or material is found. A mineral reserve, which is a modified subset of a measured or indicated mineral resource, requires consideration of all factors. Extraction of mineral resources has risen markedly in recent decades and will. General provisions for minerals and mining tenements.
Different minerals require different smelting techniques at different temperatures. As a consequence of the cmmi initiative, significant developments have taken place towards producing consistent reporting standards for mineral resources and mineral reserves. Reports providing the results of exploration, resources, and reserves should custom the terms given in fig. Mineral resources and mineral reserves into the unfc, thus giving truly international status to the cmmi crirsco definitions.
It includes diluting and contaminating materials and allows for losses that are expected to occur when the material is mined. Principles of a resourcereserve classification for minerals. The instrument is a codified set of rules and guidelines for reporting and displaying information related to mineral properties owned by, or explored by, companies which report these results on stock exchanges within canada. Many oil, gas and mineral rich countries have failed to reach their full potential as a result of their natural resource wealth. Macfarlane synopsis mineral resource management mrm practice has.
Minister may investigate occurrence, nature and extent of mineral resources 51. Definitions of mineral resource classification terms used by the u. The characteristics of a mineral resource location, tonnage, grade, continuity, etc. Beneficiation strategy for minerals industry in south africa. When reporting mineral resource and mineral reserve estimates relating to an industrial mineral site, the qualified persons must make the reader aware.
Establishing a new metric for mineral resource management by a. The term resource curse encompasses the significant social, economic and political challenges that are unique to countries rich in oil, gas and minerals. Establishing a new metric for mineral resource management. Management of mineral resources has, therefore, to be closely integrated with the overall strategy of development. Mining removes mineral resources from their natural environment, and hence by definition disturbs nature. Definition of mrm in work that the author conducted for bhp billiton at their hotazel manganese mines in 2002, the following definition for mrm was developed. The approach to quantitative studies is discussed, and guidelines are given that. Principles of the mineral resource classification system. Mineral resource management is also a unique business concept developed to increase throughput and productivity by focusing on process alignment.
1564 1204 997 957 1237 1552 406 672 1565 728 1239 85 869 126 712 166 1731 895 472 260 1154 42 862 332 835 1636 52 1673 465 1210